solution of conflict in ethiopiadivinity 2 respec talents

Further escalation of fighting will not lead to victory. These consultations should also inform the dialogues design. Economic growth rebounded in the first quarter of 2023 by 4.5% due to domestic demand and tourism but still trailed behind peers due to external challenges. Visit Since then, a few demonstrations, including one on 7October, have taken place in several cities in support of the Federal Government. However, cool heads seem to have prevailed in the Eritrean leadership which refused to be drawn into the conflict, as they well know that it was not worth flogging this dying horse. Finally, the standing down and withdrawal of foreign forces from the conflict; and equally critically the avoidance of further burdening of the Ethiopian governance challenge by other demands that have nothing to do with the conflict but which create great political and administrative stress on the Ethiopian government. An abdication of Africas role undermines the legitimacy, ownership and sustainability of responses to the challenges the continent faces. A Blueprint for Peace in Ethiopia Ending the civil war will require a resolution to a dispute over territories and a national dialogue on. In most countries, it is the most vulnerable who bear the greatest brunt of financial pressure on governments. We are encouraged that the government of Ethiopia and regional authorities in Tigray and Afar have taken steps in recent weeks to enable the delivery of desperately needed food aid to war-affected communities. In addition, he briefed the Security Council on two occasions, once on 28October, and the second time, just this morning, to describe the situation in Ethiopia, which has been drastically deteriorating in recent weeks. The political repercussions of intensifying violence in the wider region could be immense, compounding the many crises besetting the Horn of Africa. Such instability has a potentially negative impact on the region. Further, the Council must call for immediate and unhindered humanitarian access in the region, for all parties to ensure respect and compliance with international humanitarian law and practice, and for the immediate commencement of allinclusive international dialogue and reconciliation. Moreover, it is paramount that all parties must immediately facilitate the provision of lifesaving humanitarian aid to those who desperately need it, in line with international humanitarian law. Projects 3. Such narratives that pit one group against another were exploited by some of Abiys opposition. Ethno-nationalist political narratives have increased ethnic polarization, inter-communal intolerance and violence, and are antagonistic to Abiy's hope for unity. The mantra of African Solutions to African Problems is not a clich. ADDIS ABABA, June 24 (Xinhua) -- The Ethiopian government and aid partners have formed a joint technical committee to investigate allegations of food aid misappropriation, an Ethiopian official said. Argument An expert's point of view on a current event. The type of Conflict is varying from place to place, from society to society and it is also different based on the type of socio-economic activity of a given society. Diversity was not Ethiopias problem. It is on the edge of a cliff facing its mortal demise. Consequently, most Ethiopians remain uneasy about claiming full-blooded membership in any single ethnic group. The salient point has been made, that the burden of responsibility to resolving this crisis falls squarely on the leadership in Addis Ababa. This misinterpretation could be because of misinformation about the situation, misunderstanding of Ethiopian history and general ethos of Ethiopians, or simply the desire to provide simplistic answers to a complex situation. This conflict-pandemic nexus compounds the impact of the situation and undermines humanitarian efforts aimed at addressing issues blown up by the fighting. With a focus to initiate meaningful discussions between those parties, deescalate tensions and pave the way for dialogue and an amicable solution to the conflict, he highlighted a 4November meeting with Ethiopias Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, as well as a recent visit to meet leaders in the Tigray region. Elsewhere, insecurity in the Oromia region continues to worsen while the situation in parts of the BenishangulGumuz region remains tense. Refugees represent the very best of the human spirit. This list includes both nationwide and international types of war, including (but not limited to) the following: wars of independence, liberation wars, colonial wars, undeclared wars, proxy wars, territorial disputes, and world wars. Covid has shattered many young aspirations in Africa, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sEjRwnlpWMI. This dialogue must be of an inter-regional and inter-ethnic character and managed by Ethiopians, with the leadership of the Ethiopian government, and the support of regional and international partners. 2. A reformed ruling party has been established, which created inclusive politics by better involving regional political parties than previously. Several speakers called for credible investigations into crimes committed by all parties, including extrajudicial killings and sexual violence cited in the joint report of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission. This is to drive the message home to the protagonists that war and violence-driven law enforcement are not viable solutions to responding to the original challenge that was faced by the Ethiopian government to law and order in the country. The report also states that war crimes and crimes against humanity may have been committed. Tigrayan forces need to stop their advances and return to Tigray. She also called for an end to the chilling hate speech, dehumanizing language and incitement to violence, underlining the need for an inclusive an Ethiopianled national dialogue that includes all regions and stakeholders. Past Ethiopian regimes, including the one led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) before 2018, downplayed the need for such dialogue by saying that the timing was not right, and that Ethiopia faced too many challenges at that moment. GERALDINEBYRNE NASON (Ireland) expressed shame and frustration that the Security Council had the power to deliver change but stood by as the crisis intensified over the past year. Blog, The United States Institute of Peace Legal and Privacy Information | FOIA Inquiries. Emebet Getachew is country program manager at the Life & Peace Institute in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Conflict and violence triggered over 5.1 million displacements within Ethiopia in 2021 triple the number reported there in 2020 and the highest figure recorded for any country in a given year . By: Then, the focus must be on national development, democracy-building and embarking on bold programs that address poverty reduction, actively engage the large number of youths towards building the country, and generally meeting the basic needs of the people. The government rejected dialogue to resolve the conflict with the Tigray region. The Ethiopian federal government and its leader PM Abiy Yohannes Gedamu is a lecturer in political science at Georgia Gwinnett College in Lawrenceville, Georgia. 15 November 2021 Ethiopian civil war Getty Images The fighting in the north has forced two million from their homes and many more in need of food aid US Secretary of State Antony Blinken is. Prime Minister Abiy spoke of his Governments commitment to resolve the ongoing challenges and his intention to launch a national dialogue. Over the past year, violence has led to the loss of thousands of lives and millions of displaced persons, human rights violations, atrocities and a dire humanitarian situation, he said, adding that the African Union and neighbouring countries have a major role to play in helping Ethiopians find their way to peace and stability. In that regard, it is important that regional initiatives led by the African Union are encouraged and actively supported by the Security Council, he said. In the first year of reforms, prisoners were released, the media revived, and exiled opposition returned to the country. Now, the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front is emboldened, threatening to unseat the Government and destabilize a nation of 112million people, he said. It exhibited outrageous corruption, land grabbing, and ethnic-based favoritism and ethnic chauvinism. Emebet Getachew; Mehari Taddele Maru; Yohannes Gedamu, Publication Type: The UnitedNations has been unable to move fuel into Tigray since August. In a country of over110million people, over90different ethnic groups and80languages, no one can predict what continued fighting and insecurity will bring, she said. Proponents of this vision employ both constitutional norms, and when they deem necessary, unconstitutional, oppressive means including war on those who resist. When the end of the Derg became eminent, in order to gain acceptance by Ethiopians, TPLF formed and controlled Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Forces (EPRDF), composed of four ethnic-based rebel groups who had fought against the Derg. The Abiy government is the first in Ethiopian history to have established a reconciliation commission to study and recommend solutions. African Ambassadors at the UNSC are charged with the responsibility of helping the world find solutions to this crisis. Urging Ethiopian leaders to recognize the need for a future, inclusive dialogue and reconciliation process, she went on to call on the Tigray Defence Forces, the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front and forces from the Oromia Liberation Army not to attempt an attack on AddisAbaba. It is vital that all parties stop fighting and start talking. While the recent conflict in Tigray renewed international focus on Ethiopia, more challenges lie ahead, including elections now scheduled for June 5. Articles 31 and 32 of South Sudan's 2008 Child Act prohibited the recruitment and use of children for military or paramilitary activities, and prescribed punishments of up to 10 years' imprisonment for such crimes. We are encouraged that the government of Ethiopia and regional authorities in Tigray and Afar have taken steps in recent weeks to enable the delivery of desperately needed food aid to war-affected communities. People hold lit candles in a memorial service for victims of the Tigray conflict organized by the city administration, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on November 3, 2021. However, he added, it is important to mention that the window of opportunity is very little and the time is short for any intervention in this regard. With the deteriorating humanitarian situation impacting socioeconomic stability, collective action is needed to find a lasting solution to avoid further escalation of the crisis, which has a direct impact on the strategic region as a whole. She called for an immediate end to the fighting, stressing that civilians must be protected and all parties to the conflict must embrace negotiations towards a lasting political resolution. The window of opportunity is very little and the time is short for any intervention, said Olusegun Obasanjo, African Union High Representative for the Horn of Africa region, as he briefed the 15member organ on his efforts to secure support for peace from the international community and world leaders, as well as his efforts to bring the warring parties to the negotiation table. The need to respect Africas position in managing challenges within the continent cannot be over emphasised. The regional solution is best placed to support Ethiopia, he stressed, adding that the route to dialogue and a political solution will not be straightforward or easy. Since existing institutions like the reconciliation commission are distrusted, a new process is required. About 114 participants were participated in this study. About the author: Dr. Getachew Metaferia is professor of political science at Morgan State University in Baltimore, Maryland, USA. This vision recalls Ethiopia's contested history of forcible assimilation. Urging all parties to support African Union efforts towards peace, he cited the Unions hope that dialogue can silence the guns. Emebet: For a national dialogue to succeed, five aspects must be considered: Mehari: Dialogue design must be a guided by the goals of the process. Of late, the emerging crisis in Ethiopia is of mounting concern to the continent as a whole. [50] [51] The war was primarily fought in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia between the Ethiopian federal government and Eritrea on one side, and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) on the other. The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs says that, halfway into 2023, it has only received 20 per cent of the $54.8 billion needed to help the one in 22 people globally that require assistance. 2301 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037Tel: +1.202.457.1700, About There is no military solution to this conflict and all parties must immediately end hostilities without preconditions, engage in negotiations for a lasting ceasefire and . JUAN RAMN DE LA FUENTE RAMREZ (Mexico), Council President for November, speaking in his national capacity, expressed alarm over military advances of the Tigray Defence Forces and their allies and the escalation of hostilities, which are spreading to Amhara and Afar. Hence, although they might have their own internal differences, interests, and aspirations, like other countries, its people have forged a unity and strength especially when faced with external or internal threats. RAVINDRARAGUTTAHALLI (India), noting that humanitarian efforts led by the UnitedNations have been stalled in recent weeks, said it is important that humanitarian assistance in Ethiopia resume at the earliest available opportunity. This point has been echoed by many partner governments, institutions and the UN. Kenya has been a reliable, consistent, dependable and responsible member of the global peace and security fraternity. Among these is that solutions to regional conflicts are best resolved with the deep involvement of countries and institutions in the region. Following the reports of intense fighting in the north, a nationwide state of emergency had been imposed, he continued, adding that the Central Authority told its citizens to prepare to defend the capital on 2October. As many as 3,000 people have been killed since the conflict started on April 15, Sudan's minister of health, Haitham Ibrahim, told Saudi-owned al-Hadath News Television on June 17. It should be evident to all parties that there can be no military solution. The three countries rely most heavily on . Against that backdrop, he called on the Fronts supporters to desist from providing the group with communications equipment, satellite information, weapons and fighters, adding that what his country has gone through at the hands of this criminal group will require intergenerational effort to heal. Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy. This is worsening conflict and severely undermining human security. Expressing deep concern about a reported increase in ethnic profiling and discrimination, she said divisive actions today, make peace more difficult tomorrow. The fighting places the future of the country, its people and the stability of the wider Horn of Africa region in grave uncertainty. Yohannes: Reforms by Abiy's administration were initially fast paced, although this has since slowed. The Horn of Africa represents an area of strategic importance for the United States, and the current peace process in Ethiopia is an example of the positive role that U.S. engagement can have in the region. Such situations have led the country to oppose the TPLF as an organization, and not the Tigrian people. Global AIDS Coordinator and Global Health Diplomacy, Office of the U.S. Special Presidential Coordinator for the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment, Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, Special Representative for Syria Engagement, U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, Office of the U.S. Pointing to the deteriorating humanitarian crisis in Tigray, Amhara and Afar regions, he underscored that all parties to the conflict have an obligation to facilitate safe and unhindered humanitarian access to all areas affected by conflict and to restore basic services and the entry of fuel, cash and humanitarian supplies needed for aid operations. For its part, the Government has repeatedly expressed its readiness for national political dialogue, entertained offers of support and accepted the African Unions High Representative for the Horn of Africa. As well, the situation in parts of Afar is also now quickly deteriorating. MONA JUUL (Norway) underscored that the development of the crisis in Ethiopia is threatening the very integrity of the country. Ethiopias current system of multinational federalism still partially addresses the countrys historical problems, although it is also responsible for spawning new local conflicts. USAID continues to collaborate with the Government of Ethiopia, international organizations, U.N. agencies, and other donors to respond to disasters in a timely manner and increase vulnerable populations' resilience towithstand the effects . It assisted and enabled domestic uprisings and collaborated with foreign enemies in order to destabilize and/or undermine the country and even forcefully overthrow the government. Website and marketing by Adam Saunders a.k.a. Climate change is a threat multiplier and in some parts of the continent, it is compounding existing risks and vulnerabilities. ETHIOPIA UPDATE: War, Fake News, Refugee Crisis & Crime Against Humanity. The 2018 Labor Act prohibited forced labor and prescribed penalties of up to five years' imprisonment, a fine, confiscation . Norways delegate called on the Tigray Defence Forces, the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front and forces from the Oromia Liberation Army not to attempt an attack on AddisAbaba. How is this conflict affecting Ethiopia and its. There was limited consensus to propel change. In addition, the crisis has a worrying inter-country military dimension that has the potential of igniting cross-border wars across the Eritrea and Sudan frontiers. OLUSEGUN OBASANJO, African Union High Representative for the Horn of Africa region, pointed out that his appointment is the first ever by the African Union of a High Representative for the entire region, which comprises eight countries, each with its specific context. Rosemary DiCarlo, UnderSecretaryGeneral for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, also briefed the Council, stating: In a country of over110million people, over90different ethnic groups and80languages, no one can predict what continued fighting and insecurity will bring. The risk of Ethiopia descending into a widening civil war was becoming only too real, she added, citing the joint report of the Office of the UnitedNations High Commissioner for Human Rights(OHCHR) and Ethiopian Human Rights Commission, which shed a light on the horrific suffering civilians endured. The recently concluded elections in Ethiopia, she emphasized, demonstrated the peoples commitment to the democratic process. All these factors have caused great concern across the peace and security fraternity throughout the world. He stressed the importance of parties constructively engaging in discussions for a peaceful solution to pave the way for an inclusive Ethiopianled dialogue and national reconciliation. Kenya has a long-standing history, experience and strong credentials in promoting peace and conflict resolution in the region and beyond. . Pleas for States and nonState actors to refrain from providing moral and material support went unheeded. Yohannes: Yes, there is always a place for national dialogue, as long as there is genuine commitment. The urgency for such an inclusive initiative has never been greater, she said, urging Ethiopians to come together to build a shared, prosperous future before it is too late. While needs are most acute in the north, across Ethiopia as a whole, more than20million people are estimated to be in need of some form of humanitarian support. Highlighting reports of extrajudicial killings, enforced disappearances, genderbased violence and arrests of journalists, he said these human rights violations must be investigated and punished, and he called on the parties to reach a ceasefire and establish conditions for a national dialogue, immediately and without preconditions. Whenever possible, these solutions should involve the leadership of the countries in conflict. The views expressed by the authors are their own. Equally concerning for neighbouring countries, the situation in Tigray has the potential of seeping into and disrupting the administration and governance of the rest of Ethiopia. Secretary of State Antony Blinkens talks in Ethiopia and his announcement of new U.S. aid this week advance vital steps for building peace in the country and greater stability in East Africa. The recently concluded elections in Ethiopia demonstrated the peoples commitment to the democratic process. Existing civil society initiatives should not be overlooked. But many key promises were fulfilled. This offensive was undertaken after the TPLF attacked federal military units in the region. Publications One such initiative is the Multi-stakeholder Initiative for National Dialogue (MIND), a coalition of Yehasab Mead (Plate of Ideas), Destiny Ethiopia and the Political Parties Joint Council, endorsed and supported by the Ministry of Peace. As a result of the Fronts continued, widespread criminal belligerence, people in Tigray in need of urgent humanitarian assistance are not receiving aid. Twelve months in, the conflict is widening, the human toll is devastating, and the prospects for peace . Emebet: Initiatives that foster national dialogue are needed more than ever in Ethiopia. The international community and the African Union must have a special role to play in monitoring this ceasefire. For information media. We urge the parties to accelerate, uphold, and expand these efforts to ensure, as President Biden has said, immediate, sustained, and unimpeded humanitarian access to all Ethiopians affected by this conflict. African solutions to African problems do not in any way mean an abdication of the UN or the international community in helping bring to fruition solutions proposed by Africans. The transition thus faces an uphill battle to stabilize and effectively govern the country, especially since reconciliation has not been high on the agenda. Growth is projected to accelerate from 2.6% in 2022 to 3.9% in 2023 due to stronger-than-expected external demand, especially in China, Europe, and the US, as well as . In this regard, Africa is no exception. The report concludes that there are reasonable grounds to believe that all parties to the conflictincluding the Ethiopian National Defence Force, Eritrean Defence Force, Amhara Special Forces and allied militia on one side and Tigrayan forces on the othercommitted violations of international human rights, humanitarian and refugee law, to include attacks on civilians and civilian infrastructure, indiscriminate attacks resulting in civilian casualties and extrajudicial killings, torture, arbitrary detentions, sexual and genderbased violence and forced displacement. Violent conflict between the federal government of Ethiopia and the federal state of Tigray, in the country's north, began November 4 and quickly escalated. While the government has announced a national dialogue, finding solutions to Ethiopia's many conflicts will be a long and slow process requiring input from dozens of political actors with competing narratives. The immediate priority is a ceasefire to allow for unrestricted humanitarian access in affected communities and reestablishment of public services in all conflict areas. El Salvador's fiscal transparency would be enhanced by: Making its executive budget proposal publicly available within a reasonable period; Eliminating off-budget accounts or subjecting them to adequate oversight and audit; Ensuring the supreme audit institution meets international standards of independence and publishes audits that cover the . Furthermore, inadequate conflict resolution mechanisms of African governments also add to the situation. The promotion and facilitation of a national dialogue within Ethiopia that allows for transparent, democratic and participatory resolution of the conflict. Because it used to totally control all aspects of the country for 27 years, it now felt powerless, having lost the pinnacle of power, and thus became an existential threat to the country. SVEN JRGENSON (Estonia) called upon the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front to withdraw its troops from Amhara and Afar and the Government of Ethiopia to refrain from air strikes on civilian targets. As with his other initiatives, however, some of Abiy's opponents undermined the idea of this commission. The Ethiopian government rejected calls for dialogue during the constitutional crisis in Ethiopia, when it became clear that elections would not be held on schedule and that the constitutional term of office of the government would soon expire. The same unitarist governance style, albeit with some aspects of decentralization, is now in the making. Finally, the TPLFs abuse of power and misrule of Ethiopia (1991-2018) led most Ethiopians to hold ill feelings towards the ruling cabal. Escalating hostilities threaten to worsen the already dire humanitarian situation in Tigray, Amhara and Afar, where millions of people need urgent humanitarian assistance. The burden of responsibility of securing and enforcing this ceasefire lies with all the protagonists. Conflict in the country is deeply rooted and complex. LINDA THOMASGREENFIELD (United States), welcoming the press statement issued on Friday by the Security Council, urged all parties to cooperate with the African Union High Representative in his peace efforts. Some critical differences among groupsandpartiesmust be examined,and a task forcethatinvolves all stakeholders organized to debateand reachat least partial consensus. Meeting today to discuss urgent action to de-escalate the potentially disastrous conflict in Ethiopia, speakers in the Security Council extended their support for the African Unions regional peace initiative and urged the Ethiopian authorities and the Tigray Peoples Liberation Front and its allied forces to enter a ceasefire, allow for unhindered humanitarian access and engage dialogue towards a political solution.

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