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In Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education, ed. 2019. Disaster risk reduction. Disaster Prev Manag Int J18:317326. Climate and Development 5(1): 565. Google Scholar, Aerts JC et al (2018) Integrating human behaviour dynamics into flood disaster risk assessment. IDS Working Papers 2013(434): 127. Congressional appropriations for disaster response and recovery have increased to historic levels, with FEMA allocating $45 billion between 2017 and 2020 to disaster relief and financial aid. Community resilience: Conceptual framework and measurement feed the future learning agenda. J Environ Manage 271: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111025, Laska S (2012) Dimensions of resiliency: essential resiliency, exceptional recovery and scale. Local Government Studies 45(3): 308327. At the heart of this conception of resilience is a well-known mechanism of human development: experiential learning (Manyena et al. 2016. Benefits and challenges of resilience and vulnerability for disaster risk management. Kelman, I. Although there is currently no real consensus on the definition of resilience in risk and disaster management, the definition of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR 2021), formerly UNISDR, is probably the one most recognized. The concept of resilience: A bibliometric analysis of the emergency and disaster management literature. Washington, DC: Island Press. Community resilience: Toward an integrated approach. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Supply chain resilience is the ability of a . PubMedGoogle Scholar. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2018.07.026, De Stefano L, Duncan J, Dinar S, Stahl K, Strzepek KM, Wolf AT (2012) Climate change and the institutional resilience of international river basins. According to many (for example, Innocenti and Albrito 2011), a more progressive and proactive approach to risk reduction is needed and the risk paradigm should no longer focus solely on reducing vulnerability, but also on building resilience (McEntire et al. By Washington Post Live. Procedia Economics and Finance 18: 667674. Twigg, J. An OECD Factsheet OECD. The latter represents an adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which mitigates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities (UNFCCC 2021). Paton, D. 2006. Jun 22, 2023 11:15 PM. 2014. 2015. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 55(2): 2529. Int J Disaster Risk Reduction 39:101249, MacAskill K, Guthrie P (2014) multiple interpretations of resilience in disaster risk. Academy of Management Journal 59(6): 20692102. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 12:10851107, Hernndez MAS (2021) Privately owned forests and woodlands in Spain: Changing resilience strategies towards a forest-based bioeconomy Land use policy. In a non-exhaustive way, Table 2 presents 25 components mentioned and frequently used to define resilience in the risk and disaster management literature. It offers an answer to the question: How do we prepare for the unknown? 2013; Bahadur and Pichon 2016). McEwen, L., A. Holmes, N. Quinn, and P. Cobbing. London: Overseas Development Institute. 2003; Fekete et al. UNDRR (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction). GEOFIZIKA 37:97130, Huq ME, Hossain MA (2014) Vulnerability Framework for Flood Disaster Management. OBrien, G., and P. OKeefe. Yet the concept could be used to reinforce unethical practices or hegemonies or undesirable situations such as environmental degradation (Alexander 2013; MacKinnon and Derickson 2013), political marginalization of the vulnerable, poverty, or systemic corruption (Mochizuki et al. J Risk Res 20:711731, Etinay N, Egbu C, Murray V (2018) Building urban resilience for disaster risk management and disaster risk reduction. Eng Struct 32:36393649, Cobbinah PB (2021) Urban resilience in climate change hotspot. As discussions on resilience in the context of disaster risk, climate change, and sustainable development continue, its conceptualizations have yet to converge into a widely accepted framework (Mochizuki et al. Go, during a visit to evacuation centers here and the town of Malilipot, this province, on Thursday, June 22, pushed the . Innocenti, D., and P. Albrito. Resilience is also intrinsically linked to sustainable development, whether through territorial planning activities, resource management, or vulnerability factors. Researchers and disaster managers can take note of these characteristics to comprehensively understand the 'positive concept' of resilience. Disasters 30(4): 434450. J Geo-Environ 11:5167, Imperiale AJ, Vanclay F (2016) Experiencing local community resilience in action: Learning from post-disaster communities. Whether it is through hydro-climatic risk management or the development of climate resilience, there are many points of intersection between the two fields. [3,4,5] There is evidence that most injuries, damages, and deaths from disasters can be prevented and disaster . MacKinnon, D., and K.D. These efforts have long been oriented towards post-disaster response and recovery (Cronstedt 2002; Cutter et al. The disaster management principles should be integrated into the destination management plans to enhance resilience of tourist destinations to natural disasters. Norris et al. Dola, N.A. Risk Anal 37:11811200, Brown K (2015) Resilience, development and global change. Wood, A. Newsham, and M. Davies. Yet, while proponents advance resilience as an explanation for how systems fare in disaster, others advance arguments that resilience is a . Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction: Implementing nature-based solutions for resilience. (2021), community resilience is the result of six core capacities: human capital, physical capital, economic capital, social capital, institutional and environmental capital, and these encompass the 9 elements and 19 subelements proposed by Patel et al. Today, resilience is characterized by a multitude of components and several classifications. The meaning of build back better: Evidence from post-tsunami Aceh and Sri Lanka. For others, it should be considered as: a complex of social processes that allow local communities to self-organize and enact positive collective action for community survival and wellbeing (Imperiale and Vanclay 2016, p. 207). 2017. 2017). Experience in the disaster management community suggests that linked bottom-up and top-down networks are important for managing risk and increasing resilience. Safety Science 128: Article 104756. The ecosystem-based approach is used both in the field of climate change adaptation (ecosystem-based adaptationEbA) and in the field of disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR), it gives a central role to ecosystems in adaptation and in disaster risk management. 2009, p. 13), disaster risk, or sustainable development challenges. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher. Cronstedt, M. 2002. Alexander (2013) and OBrien and OKeefe (2013) traced the history of the use of the term as well as its etymological evolution through the major eras. A conceptual contribution to community resilience. Berkes, F. 2007. The concept has been (re)shaped by the evolution of research and practice efforts. Australasian Emergency Care 23:1122. Matyas, D., and M. Pelling. 2020, p. 9) and encompasses both links and networks, as well as norms and values shared by the community. Conceptual evolution of resilience according to risk management dimensions. 2013. To address this challenge, the notion of build back better and bounce forward has been developed within risk management and has contributed to the integration of post-disaster development, transformation, and adaptation capacities within resilience (Kennedy et al. Int J Disaster Risk Reduction 31:742749. As an umbrella concept with many intangible factors, resilience is even more difficult to measure and model, further complicating the assessment of measures that claim to develop or strengthen it (Berkes and Ross 2013; Cutter 2016; Bollettino et al. 2015. To address what some call the dark side of resilience, it is therefore important to pay particular attention to the power in communities so that the resilience of one group does not come at the expense of another group and that efforts to strengthen it do not contribute to perpetuating vulnerabilities (Matyas and Pelling 2015; McDonnell 2020). The geographies of community disaster resilience. The world, however, is still quite some way from an estimated $140-300 . Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11(1): 101113. Charles C Thomas Publisher, Pollock MJ et al (2019) Preparedness and community resilience in disaster-prone areas: cross-sectoral collaborations in South Louisiana, 2018. Adapted from Australian Government, National disaster risk reduction framework, Department of Home Affairs (DoHA), Canberra, 2018, p.21. 2012. Khan, and M.M. Local Environment 26(12): 15641585. UNDRR (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction). 2014; Weichselgartner and Kelman 2015; Deeming et al. The ecologist Holling (1973) later conceptualized resilience as a measure of an ecosystems ability to absorb disturbances and persist without changing its fundamental structure. In OECD Development Co-operation Working Papers. Resilience building actions and interventions are mostly carried out at the community level (McDonnell 2020), often through a community-based approach. The benefits of investing in measures to manage the risks of floods, earthquakes, heatwaves, and wildfires can substantially . 2011; Alexander 2013). 2016. Land Use Policy 100:104948.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104948, Cutter SL, Barnes L, Berry M, Burton C, Evans E, Tate E, Webb J (2008) A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters. This year, readers sought to build up their skills and learn more about the role of resilience in DR. By Erin Sullivan, Site Editor Published: 20 Dec 2021 Introduction. Among the many dimensions at the heart of community resilience are two fundamental notions: sociallearning and social capital. Frankenberger, T., M. Mueller, T. Spangler, and S. Alexander. Resilience and sustainable development enjoy a mutually positive relationship. All these approaches aimed at making communities more resilient to hazards by reducing the hazard itself (frequency, intensity, and so on) or by working on the vulnerability factors of communities (sensitivity, exposure, and so forth). Despite its potential, resilience is subject to challenges regarding its operationalization, effectiveness, measurement, credibility, equity, and even its nature. 2008. Within the field of risk and disaster management, building resilience is often community-oriented due to the importance of the local scale. Google Scholar. 2019. Prevention, preparedness, response, recovery an outdated concept? The concept of resilience. Current Environ Health Rep 6:167173. 2013. Climate Change Management. Ownership of a community's assets is also important; ownership establishes the responsibility for an asset and, therefore, . 2005. Holling, C.S., and L.H. (2021). It is also directly connected to the bottom-up management process whose activities can then be institutionalized (Shaw 2016). Ahearn, B. Amadei, P. Crawford, E.A. Natural Hazards 109(1): 10971118. UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). For Lama et al. 2013. European Planning Studies 25(1): 6787. Ash, and C.T. Oxford: Routledge. The survey probed for views on the relevance for organizations, the capabilities for managing strategic resilience, and the importance of resilience in and across corporate functions, including strategy, operations, and risk. Oliva, S., and L. Lazzeretti. 2017). International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 7(2): 216228. PLoS Currents Disasters 9. https://doi.org/10.1371/currents.dis.db775aff25efc5ac4f0660ad9c9f7db2. While many see a conflict in the different conceptual views of resilience, we see it as a process that recognizes the gains of each of the major phases of the terms evolution. Social learning in environmental management: Towards a sustainable future. Analysis of resilience measurement frameworks and approaches. Int J Disaster Risk Reduction 50: Janssen MA, Schoon ML, Ke W, Brner K (2006) Scholarly networks on resilience, vulnerability and adaptation within the human dimensions of global environmental change. Hazards generally occur locally and many of the most effective tools for reducing exposure are found at this scale. Because resilience is a complex, multi-dimensional and multi-scalar term, it brings several complications to its application. 2014. The rising importance of resilience From its early beginnings in the 1970s and 1980s as an ecological framework for understanding shifts in systems, resilience now appears in the policy documents and plans of many nation states, international organizations, and NGOs ( Brown, 2011 ). 2016; Kelman 2017; Ruszczyk 2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77259-8_22, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77259-8_22, eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0). Clark-Ginsberg, A., B. McCaul, I. Bremaud, G. Caceres, D. Mpanje, S. Patel, and R. Patel. 2017. Int J Disaster Risk Reduction 35: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101096, Sarker MNI, Peng Y, Yiran C, Shouse RC (2020) Disaster resilience through big data: way to environmental sustainability. Concerns and debates remain about its operationalization, effectiveness, and especially about the equity issues associated with it. 2021. Manag Procedia Econ Finance 18:667674. In Framing community disaster resilience: Resources, capacities, learning, and action. https://doi.org/10.4000/cybergeo.25554. https://unfccc.int/fr/process-and-meetings/the-convention/lexique-du-changement-climatique-acronymes-et-termes#a. Its exact origin is unclear, but resilience is thought to come from the Latin resilire, resilio meaning to leap (Manyena et al. J Rural Stud 47:204219. 2011; Bn et al. 2008; Olwig 2012; Twigg 2015; Williams and Shepherd 2016). Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, Group P (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Although these approaches have contributed greatly to disaster risk reduction (DRR), as well as to sustainable community development, they are still considered as part of a reactive framework (Hyunjung 2018). Norris, F.H., S.P. Understanding uncertainty and reducing vulnerability: Lessons from resilience thinking. 2005. Characteristics of a disaster-resilient community: A guidance note. Article Bahadur, A.V., M. Ibrahim, and T. Tanner. Resilience to what? Geneva: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Some components of the bounce forward dimension apply to all dimensions of risk management such as innovation, flexibility, or autonomy, for example. Marie-Hlne Graveline. Cloud services can remove the burden of off-site . Global Environmental Change 29: 6577. To explain the opportunities and challenges of resilience for DM, the key findings drawn from each article on resilience, disaster management, disaster resilience challenges, resilience opportunities, disaster resilience, resilience assessment frameworks, resilience assessment frameworks, and resilience resistance have been extracted. Walker, J., and M. Cooper. This approach thus refers to the sustainable management, conservation and restoration of ecosystems to reduce disaster risk, with the aim to achieve sustainable and resilient development (UNDRR 2020, p. 10). A new model for describing the urban resilience considering adaptability, resistance and recovery. Greater importance is then given to the capacities of anticipation, innovation, and adaptability to uncertainties (Rubim and Borges 2017). Patel, S.S., M.B. Or has resilience reached its limit and are we seeing the emergence of a new, integrative concept? Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 20152030. Through this explosion of interest, the concept of resilience has evolved greatly and has been widely discussed within the scientific community. Paton, D., and D. Johnston. Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability 16(5): 417424. Although the vulnerability of some communities and individuals to natural and human-made disasters is inevitable, the individuals can play a role in reducing these disasters by changing system resilience and disaster recovery capacity. On some recent definitions and analysis frameworks for risk, vulnerability, and resilience. Adaptation, adaptability and resilience: The recovery of Kobe after the Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995. Carpenter, and J. Rockstrm. 2013). Stevens, B. Pfefferbaum, K.F. Linked to a rather reactive risk strategy, the focus is on the resistance of infrastructures and systems and the speed of return to the initial pre-disaster state (bounce-back). 2009. 2021). Risk and resilience: From good idea to good practice. Derickson. Resilience, talk and action: Exploring the meanings of resilience in the context of planning and institutions. A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science. 2019; Ruszczyk 2019). Furthermore, resilience is linked to environmental protection through nature-based solutions and the ecosystem-based approach. Moreover, many believe that resilience, especially of communities, necessarily leads to better outcomes for all (Imperiale and Vanclay 2016; Patel et al. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf. Chisty, M.A., S.E.A. It integrates previous research works and focuses on the recent state of benefits of resilience in DM. Soc Indic Res 99:227247, Shimizu M (2012) Resilience in disaster management and public policy: a case study of the Tohoku disaster Risk. ASTHO presidents challenge: Core principles for building community resilience. Implications of Climate Change and Disasters on Military Activities. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpha.2019.06.005, Tadele F, Manyena SB (2009) Building disaster resilience through capacity building in Ethiopia. Adaptation can be incremental and maintain the essence and integrity of a system or process at a given scale (IPCC 2018, p. 542) or transformational and change the fundamental attributes of a social-ecological system in anticipation of climate change and its impacts (IPCC 2018, p. 542). 2012). 1. 2017. Organizational resilience is an organization's ability to anticipate issues ahead of time and develop a plan for handling identified problems. Resilience for Disaster Management: Opportunities and Challenges. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management 16(1): 2436. volume13,pages 330341 (2022)Cite this article. In this sense, resilience represents a process or set of processes, rather than an endpoint, involving learning, anticipation, and improvement of basic structures, actors, and system functions (Norris et al. Pfefferbaum. 2011). This new perspective opens the door to a fourth vision: that of reducing the impact of uncertainties. 2017) or is a positive indicator of development (McDonnell 2020).

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